Showing posts with label Never Again. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Never Again. Show all posts

Monday, July 2, 2018

[ Defending the Lion City ] Looking beyond the pomp and circumstance of SAF Day


“We have no enemies now. Why does Singapore need to spend so much money on defense?”

“Why do we need to do National Service (NS)?”

“NS is a waste of my time. It has made me fall behind in my career as compared to my overseas peers.”

“One bomb and Singapore is done for. Why bother with NS/defense/SAF?”



The answer to all these grouses/complaints/questions is actually pretty simple.


This is why.

Skulls, bones and other grisly remains being exhumed from a mass grave of Operation Sook Ching victims in Bedok on June 10, 1966. These remains were ultimately laid to rest at the Civilian War Memorial along Beach Road.


Japanese Troops posed triumphantly in front of the Railway Station, 1942. “昭南驛” translates into “Syonan Station”. (Source)



Japanese Atrocities: Soldiers preparing to shoot prisoners 20 meters away. Photo found amongst Japanese records when British retook Singapore.


 Japanese Atrocities: Photo found amongst Japanese records when British retook Singapore.


Percival & other British Officers carrying the Union Jack to surrender Singapore to the Japanese






















Monday, February 26, 2018

[Defending the Lion City] Total Defence Day 2018 message

#NeverAgain



This year’s Total Defence Day message by the Defence Minister touches on the newer and less apparent forms of threats that Singapore faces - terrorism, the spread of fake news and cyberattacks – and how each one of us has an important role to play to help Singapore overcome these challenges.

The video message was released on Defence Minister Dr Ng Eng Hen’s Facebook page (https://www.facebook.com/ngenghen/) at 6pm on 14 February 2018. 

The 3-min message was recorded at Reflections at Bukit Chandu, where one of the most intense fighting took place on 14 February 1942 during the Battle for Singapore in WWII. 

As this year’s Total Defence Day (15 February 2018) falls on Chinese New Year eve, the backdrop of the fall of Singapore on Chinese New Year Day in 1942 reminds us that we must never take our peace for granted.

Together We Keep Singapore Strong

For more information on Total Defence, please visit our website: www.totaldefence.sg and Facebook: www.facebook.com/WeAreTotalDefence.


Source: TotalDefenceSG YouTube Channel



The peace and prosperity that we enjoy today, are only possible because of the sacrifices of the past.

Tuesday, October 10, 2017

[Defending the Lion City] Why We Serve - Our NS Stories








Episode 1: The early years of National Service 
"At that time, the question was, are you ready to stand up for the challenge or will you give up? And if you give up, where will the next generation be?" 
In Part 1 of the new video series "Why We Serve – Our NS Stories", Robert Yeo and other pioneer National Servicemen from the Singapore Armed Forces share their stories of perseverance, and commitment to the cause. 




Episode 2: Basic Military Training – The experience that binds
Basic Military Training is memorable for every Singaporean son. Through the tough training and strict discipline, thousands of recruits mature as they find out a little bit more about who they are, what they stand for, and why they do what they do. Watch Part 2 of "Why We Serve - Our NS Stories" to find out more about this shared experience from those who have gone through this rite of passage.




Episode 3: Soldier, Sailor, Airman - A Common Purpose
After Basic Military Training, Full-time National Servicemen (NSFs) proceed to take on different roles in the Army, Navy and Air Force. Together, they form the backbone of the Singapore Armed Forces, enhancing Singapore’s peace and security. Watch Part 3 of "Why We Serve - Our NS Stories" and see some of the ways in which they contribute to national defence.




Episode 4: Being a Citizen-Soldier
After two years of service, Full-time National Servicemen go on to serve as Operationally Ready National Servicemen (NSmen). They continue to keep themselves combat ready through regular training. Having to balance their families and careers with National Service (NS) responsibilities, strong support from their families, employers/employees and fellow servicemen becomes absolutely critical. Get to know some of our NSmen in Part 4 of "Why We Serve - Our NS Stories" and find out what it means for them to do what they do.




Episode 5: A Shared Commitment
In this final episode of “Why We Serve - Our NS Stories”, we spoke to different members of the community to understand their views on NS, and the reason behind their support for NS. This is their story. 








Wednesday, March 15, 2017

[Defending the Lion City] If Singaporeans don't defend Singapore, who will?



If we don't defend Singapore, who will?
By First Warrant Officer (Retired) Ali Pawiro, 14 March 2017
Published by The New Paper


I remember they barged into my home, taking all the canned food off our shelves. On both their wrists were watches, probably stolen from the households they raided before ours.

I asked: "Who were they? How could they just come in and take our stuff?"

I was just a 10-year-old boy.

When I was older, I worked in a bank as an office boy. I heard about the opportunity to enlist in the Singapore Volunteer Corps and went to sign up eagerly. But my application was rejected as I was underage. I applied again as soon as I was eligible.


Singapore Volunteer Corps Cap Badge circa 1928 - 1942 


While I cannot say exactly why I wanted to volunteer so badly, I believe my childhood experience might have been a major factor.

After joining as a volunteer in 1952, I worked my way up to become a corporal. They soon discovered I had a knack for instructing, so in 1954, 15 of us were selected as permanent staff instructors, trained by the British army.

I was eventually appointed regimental sergeant major of the Officer Cadet School, in charge of drills and weapons training.

I served as an instructor for years and had the opportunity to watch my son Azlan, and more recently my grandson Afiq, serve the nation.

I have seen some things change over the years, but there are also some which will always remain the same.

One key difference is the role of technology in the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF).

Since my time as an infantry instructor, our weapons have become lighter and they shoot faster. This has made us more agile.

I started off with the bolt-action rifles, then the self-loading ones, and finally the M16 rifles.

Now, I hear they have upgraded to the SAR-21 rifles.

I am a little jealous because Afiq tells me that the SAR-21 is even equipped with a laser-aiming device for better accuracy.

Even the changes in the SAF uniform over the years bear testament to the important role that technology plays in upgrading the SAF's capabilities.


Different SAF uniforms over the years 
Pic: AsiaOne


The pixelated uniform that Afiq wears is far lighter and more comfortable than the Temasek Green uniform I had.

Training methods have also improved. I remember when we were training under the Israeli Defence Force advisors before my posting to SAF Training Institute, we were told to dig trenches with our hands.

We tried to tell them this was impossible because the ground was hard rock. It was only after I showed them that even my cangkul (Malay for hoe) broke from digging that they conceded that their instruction was not very logical.

We have come a long way since. Our national servicemen today are highly educated, and lessons are now very detailed and structured.

Azlan and Afiq have told me of how their instructors explained what they were doing and why they were doing it.

This has helped them to better understand the rationale behind the training session and consequently, for the soldiers to train with stronger conviction.

As a former instructor myself, I cannot help but agree that those with a strong conviction are more committed to give of their best in training.

I have had my fair share of challenges, but never once did I feel that my sacrifices and hard work were not worth it.

My commitment to serve is still as fresh as it was when I signed up to be a volunteer. Azlan and Afiq feel the same way.

In our conversations after they enlisted for national service, they came to understand what an honour and great responsibility it was to put on the SAF uniform and defend Singapore.

I am confident that our servicemen and servicewomen feel the same.

Despite the many years of peace and prosperity that Singapore has enjoyed, we must never forget that what you cannot protect is not yours.


Skulls, bones and other grisly remains being exhumed from a mass grave of Operation Sook Ching victims in Bedok on June 10, 1966. Pic: The Straits Times


For this reason, NS is vital to our nation's survival and continued way of life.

Although technology has contributed to a strong NS system, our people and their sense of purpose are what matters most.

I think there was an important lesson for us to learn that day as we were digging the trenches.

Nobody likes to dig a trench, not even with a cangkul, especially under the hot sun, but we still do it anyway.

Why? Generation after generation, if we cannot overcome hardship, how can we think of doing the bigger things like defending our families and protecting this land we call home?

And if we don't protect Singapore, who will?


The writer spent 29 years in the army and was the Singapore Armed Forces Officer Cadet School's first Regimental Sergeant Major. Today (14 March 2017) is the 50th anniversary of the NS (Amendment) Bill.


Article Source: The New Paper






Read more here:
Mindef: Standard Singapore Military Rifles of the 20th Century

NLB Infopedia - Singapore Volunteer Corps

Singapore and Malaya Volunteer Corps

Mindef: Looks do matter - new SAF combat uniform

AsiaOne: Meet Singapore's No. 1 military buff who's spent over $80,000 on his collection




Friday, February 17, 2017

[Defending the Lion City] Operation Sook Ching - The Bloody Purge begins



After Singapore came under Japanese control,  the Japanese, apart from stripping Singapore of its name and calling her "Syonan-to", began brutal actions to cower the local populace so as to solidify their grip on Singapore.

People were made to bow to the Japanese soldiers. Those who did not, or refuse to do so, would be severely beaten, some even killed.

But that was not the end of their cruelty.

The Japanese started the "Sook Ching" (a Chinese term meaning "purge through cleansing") operation which was intended, not only to purge the Chinese populace in Singapore of any anti-Japanese opposition, but seemly targeting mainly the chinese in revenge for their support to China in the war against Japan.

"... On 17th February, our new masters issued their first public order in Singapore,  now called Syonanto: all male Chinese adults were to report the very next day at designated camps – under threat of “severe punishment”, a phrase quickly to become familiar. Most of us presumed then it was only for some kind of registration of people. 
But those concentrations of the Chinese were actually for a sinister purpose. 
The conquering Japanese troops had  arrived with horrendous baggage: memories of bloody encounters with the mainland Chinese in the still ongoing Sino-Japanese war. 
And they were sorely aware that the  Chinese in Singapore had been anti-Japanese, staging demonstrations, organising boycotts of Japanese goods and raising money (the China War Relief Fund) to help the Chinese on the mainland in their fight  against invasion. And there were the Singapore  Chinese who took up arms against the Japanese: volunteers with the British forces as well as those MCP (Malayan Communist  Party) diehards, who struggled against them in the jungles of the Malay Peninsula. 
Led by the ruthless Kempeitai (Japanese Military Police), the victorious soldiers went all out to screen the Chinese, however hasty and slapdash the operation, to seek and destroy anyone suspected of being  hostile, no matter how flimsy the evidence,  no matter how many were fingered. ..."
Goh Sin Tub
Goh Sin Tub 
(Read more here: The Sook Ching)


Pic: Stomp



Many families, even till today, still grieve over the fate of their loved ones who went through the screening, and never came back. And many families had to assume that their loved ones were lost to the war.



Skulls, bones and other grisly remains being exhumed from a mass grave of Operation Sook Ching victims in Bedok on June 10, 1966. Photo: The Straits Times (via AsiaOne)
Skulls, bones and other grisly remains being exhumed from a mass grave of Operation Sook Ching victims in Bedok on June 10, 1966.
Photo: The Straits Times
- See more at: http://news.asiaone.com/news/singapore/75-years-singapore-fell-operation-sook-ching-during-japanese-occupation#sthash.KgXzdJ1J.dpuf
Skulls, bones and other grisly remains being exhumed from a mass grave of Operation Sook Ching victims in Bedok on June 10, 1966.
Photo: The Straits Times
- See more at: http://news.asiaone.com/news/singapore/75-years-singapore-fell-operation-sook-ching-during-japanese-occupation#sthash.KgXzdJ1J.dpuf





"... Thousands of other men were not so fortunate. Suspected of being anti-Japanese elements, these men were loaded into lorries and transported to remote areas such as Changi, Punggol and Bedok for execution.  
At these sites, the suspects were machine-gunned to death and often their bodies were thrown into the sea. In some instances, British prisoners of war (POWs) were tasked to bury the bodies. 
Known massacre sites include beaches at Punggol, Changi, Katong, Tanah Merah and Blakang Mati (now Sentosa island). Massacres were said to have also occurred at Hougang, Thomson Road, Changi Road, Siglap, Bedok and East Coast. 
Due to a lack of written records, the exact number of people killed in the operation is unknown. The official figure given by the Japanese is 5,000 although the actual number is believed to be much higher. 
Lieutenant Colonel Hishakari Takafumi, a newspaper correspondent at the time, claimed that the plan was to kill 50,000 Chinese and that half that number had been reached when the order was received to stop the operation. ..."
Singapore Infopedia


After the war ended, seven , seven Japanese officers were charged during a war crimes trial in Singapore for their participation in Operation Sook Ching in 1947.

All seven officers were found guilty. Two officers, Lieutenant General Saburo Kawamura and Lieutenant Colonel Masayuki Oishi, were sentenced to death while the remaining five were given life sentences.

In 1962, more mass graves were found in the Siglap area - dubbed as the 'Valley of Tears' by the press. The remains of the victims from various sites were exhumed and gathered for reburial in a dedicated memorial site, which would later be the Civilian War Memorial.


The Civilian War Memorial


Completed in 1967, the Civilian War Memorial stands prominently along Beach road in Singapore's civic district, and is dedicated to the memory of not only the victims of the Sook Ching operation, but for all civilians who had died as a result of the Japanese Occupation.


"... Comprising four tapering columns at a height of 67 metres, the Civilian War Memorial is affectionately known as the ‘Four Chopsticks’ by locals. Each column represents one of the four main ethnic groups in Singapore who perished during the Japanese Occupation: Chinese, Malays, Indians, and Eurasians. ..." 
"... Painted white, the prominent structure can be seen from afar, both in the day and at night. It sits on a raised platform enclosing a vault that holds the victims’ remains in 606 urns. Within the four columns, an empty urn placed on a pedestal, together with inscriptions commemorating the deaths of countless civilians, brings visitors’ attention to the burial chamber underneath. ..."
Roots.SG

"...  a black urn (sits) atop a high white pedestal with lion heads in relief. The words "In deep and lasting sorrow this memorial is dedicated in memory of those of our civilians who were killed between February 15, 1942 and August 18, 1945 when the Japanese Armed Forces occupied Singapore" are inscribed on the pedestal. There are translations in Malay and Tamil on the right and left respectively. ..."
Picture.SG

"... Then finally the Monument was unveiled by Prime Minister Mr. Lee Kuan Yew, on 15 February 1967, the 25th anniversary of the Fall of Singapore. 
In his speech, Mr. Lee said, "We meet not to rekindle old fires of hatred, nor to seek settlements for blood debts. We meet to remember the men and women who were the hapless victims of one of the fires of history. This monument will remind those of us who were here 25 years ago, of what can happen to people caught completely unaware and unprepared for what was in store for them. It will help our children understand and remember, what we have told them of this lesson we paid so bitterly to learn". 
Before the Prime Minister unveiled a plaque, and laid the first wreath on behalf of the Government and the people of Singapore, prayers were said by leaders of the Inter-Religious Council representing Muslims, Buddhists, Christians, Hindu, Jewish, Sikh and Zoroastrian faiths. A 3-minute silence followed the laying of the wreaths. Many families of the dead were there, especially their weeping mothers. ..."
Singapore Infopedia

In the years that would follow, there would be various ceremonies and services that would take place on 15 Feb to mark the anniversary of the 'Fall of Singapore' when Singapore was surrendered to the Japanese by the British.








#NeverAgain #DefendingtheLionCity #SAF #NationalService #NS50 #WhyMustWeServe #LestWeForget #TotalDefence

Read more here:

Singapore Infopedia - Operation Sook Ching

Biblioasia - The Sook Ching by Goh Sin Tub

AsiaOne - 75 years since Singapore fell: Operation Sook Ching during the Japanese occupation 

Mothership - The Sook Ching (YouTube)

Singapore Infopedia - The Civilian War Memorial

Roots.SG - Civilian War Memorial

Picture.SG - Civilian War Memorial urn



Thursday, February 16, 2017

[Defending the Lion City] They Died for All Free Men

Kranji War Cemetery
'They Died for All Free Men'


Bell of remembrance rung at Kranji War Cemetery to mark 75th anniversary of the fall of Singapore
Straits Times, 15 Feb 2017

SINGAPORE - The casualties of World War II were honoured at Kranji War Cemetery on Wednesday (Feb 15), the 75th anniversary of the fall of Singapore.

In a solemn ceremony attended by dignitaries, diplomats, and military officials and veterans, a bell of remembrance was rung five times - once for every year that the war raged in the Pacific.

Under an overcast sky from which a slight drizzle fell at times, Japanese Ambassador to Singapore Kenji Shinoda was one of the first VIPs to lay a wreath of poppies - which traditionally symbolise blood shed on the battlefield.

This is the first time Japan is working with former Allied countries, including Singapore, to organise a World War II commemoration ceremony here.

Three World War II survivors were the last to lay their wreaths near the Singapore Memorial, inscribed with the name of more than 24,000 soldiers and airmen who died during the war in Malaya and Indonesia and have no known grave.

See the full article and videos here: Straits Times



"I express my feelings of profound grief and heartfelt condolences. I believe that such feelings are shared by the overwhelming majority of Japanese." 
Kenji Shinoda
Japanese Ambassador to Singapore




"... While many have never experienced the horrors of war, they must never forget the lessons learned and the commitment and sacrifices of their forefathers in protecting the country and its way of life. 
This commitment to remember the horrors of war and to defend Singapore is at the core of Total Defence. 
It is when every Singaporean is resolved to play their part, and contribute to keeping Singapore strong on all fronts, that we can be confident of safeguarding our nation and our home against different threats and challenges that come our way. ..." 
Vikram Nair
Chairman of the Government Parliamentary Committee for Defence and Foreign Affairs



Video: By Tedd Jong, 22-year-old student who was there as part of the NUS History Society.







#NeverAgain #DefendingtheLionCity #SAF #NationalService #NS50 #WhyMustWeServe #LestWeForget #TotalDefence

[Defending the Lion City] Syonan-to - So begins the Japanese Occupation of Singapore




Not long after the British Surrender on 15 Feb 1942, the Japanese moved quickly to consolidate their control of Singapore.

One of the first things they did was to re-name Singapore as 'Syonan-to' ( 昭南島 Shōnan-tō), which means "Light of the South".

But they didn't just stop there.

The Tanjong Pagar Railway station was renamed as "Syonan Station".

Japanese Troops posed triumphantly in front of Tanjong Pagar Railway Station. “昭南驛” translates into “Syonan Station”. Pic: SG Film Hunter


The Japanese took over 'The Straits Times' offices and the paper was renamed as  "The Shonan Times". The paper would see two more name changes - "The Syonan Times" and then later as "Syonan Sinbun".






The local time in Singapore was moved forward by 1½ hours so as to be in sync with Tokyo time.

Schools were made to teach the Japanese language and textbooks were printed in Japanese. School children had to stand facing the direction of Japan and to sing the national Japanese anthem.


This was the wartime currency that was issued by the Japanese Government for the occupied territories of Malaya and Singapore during the Japanese Occupation.





The British currency was replaced with Japanese currency which was known as “Banana money” due to the picture of a Banana tree on the note. The currency would ultimately became worthless due massive amounts printed.

These changes would be the least of the problems that Singapore would face during the Japanese Occupation

The next three and a half years under the brutal Japanese rule would prove to be the darkest period in Singapore's history.


Voices From Syonan-To


History Of Singapore During The Japanese Occupation


Fall of Singapore during World War Two - Kartar Singh, eyewitness to atrocities


Japanese Occupation in Singapore













#NeverAgain #DefendingtheLionCity #SAF #NationalService #NS50 #WhyMustWeServe #LestWeForget #TotalDefence


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Wednesday, February 15, 2017

[Defending the Lion City] Sounding the Sirens



On 15 Feb at 6.20pm, Singapore's network of Public Warning System (PWS) sirens will sound the "Important Message" signal to mark Total Defence Day.



6.20pm of 15 Feb also marks the time when the British surrendered Singapore to the Japanese Imperial Army in 1942.


"The PWS sounding serves to give due significance and remembrance to this historical moment. It also underscores the importance of emergency preparedness and for Singaporeans to defend our homeland."
SCDF 


Upon hearing the signal, the public can tune in immediately to any local radio station for a brief message on the PWS, or visit the SCDF website to learn more about PWS signals.


"... The PWS also has a long genesis. It was commissioned more than two decades ago in 1991 and builds on plans laid in the mid-1980s that recommended several measures to harden Singapore against air raids. 
To keep the network running 24/7, engineers are rostered to service around seven PWS sirens every day. Crisis planners have also built in several fail-safes to ensure that the sirens will blare when they have to. Each siren is powered by electricity from the national grid and has a back-up battery. The system to sound the siren comprises landlines and radio back-up. 
This long-term approach to national emergency preparedness planning could be better appreciated by the average Singaporean as we live in a country better prepared than most for crisis situations. 
It is a wake-up call one hopes Singaporeans will not be forced to heed. 
When that wake-up call arrives, NEST will be ready. What about you? ..."
David Boey (Senang Diri)




Ex-Wallaby 2010, Soldiers from 3rd Battalion, Singapore Guards, heading to their holding area to prepare for a troop lift by Super Puma helicopters.






#NeverAgain #DefendingtheLionCity #SAF #NationalService #NS50 #WhyMustWeServe #LestWeForget #TotalDefence
Read more here:




[Defending the Lion City] Singapore Falls to the Japanese Imperial Army

Lieutenant-General Percival and his party carry the Union flag on their way to surrender Singapore to the Japanese. Pic: Imperial War Museums


75 years ago, on 15 Feb 1942, Lieutenant-General Arthur Ernest Percival met with General Tomoyuki Yamashita at the Ford Factory in Bukit Timah, where the British formally surrendered Singapore to the Japanese.

Singapore had fallen to the Japanese in just over 7 days after the Japanese Army’s initial landing on 8 Feb.




Japanese Troops Marching through Fullerton Square. Pic: Wikipedia 




The surrender was a huge shock to the British as Singapore had long been considered to be an “impregnable fortress” – the “Gibraltar of the Far East”. The forces in Singapore, comprising of British, Indian, Malaya and Australian troops, fought bravely and as best as they could to defend the island but to no avail. 


Generals At War - Battle of Singapore



Singapore was renamed by the Japanese as ‘Syonan-To’ (meaning ‘Light of the South’), thus marked the beginning the Japanese Occupation.

The Japanese Occupation, lasting almost 4 years, would be one of the darkest chapters in Singapore’s history. The populace as well as the captured Allied Forces were brutalized and suffered many atrocities during the Japanese Occupation. The Japanese was estimated to have executed 50,000 civilians as part of their efforts to eliminate any resistance to the Japanese Occupation. 



The Singapore Story (Japanese Occupation of Singapore 1942 - 1945)

Quote: Mr Lee Kuan Yew, speaking on the importance of NS, 21 Feb 1967.








Tuesday, February 14, 2017

[Defending the Lion City] Total Defence Day Message 2017

Total Defence Day 2017 Message from Defence Minister Ng Eng Hen

"... On 15 February, 75 years ago, Singapore fell, as British forces surrendered to Japanese invaders. 
In this video, I stand in the very room in the former Ford Factory along Upper Bukit Timah Road in which the surrender took place. 
Three and a half years of suffering and deprivation followed for those living in Singapore under Japanese Occupation. 
This is why we commemorate Total Defence Day on 15 February every year – a reminder that only when everyone plays a part through Military, Civil, Economic, Social and Psychological Defence, can we ensure a Singapore that is safe, secure and sovereign. ..."
Defence Minister Ng Eng Hen (via FB post)

Read more about Singapore's Total Defence here.




Pic: SGAG






#NeverAgain #DefendingtheLionCity #SAF #NationalService #NS50 #WhyMustWeServe #LestWeForget





[Defending the Lion City] The Battle of Opium Hill & the heroism of Lieutenant Adnan Saidi


The bust of 2nd Lt Adnan Saidi.
2nd Lt Adnan Saidi (1915 – 14 February 1942), was a Malayan soldier of the 1st Infantry Brigade which fought the Japanese in the Battle of Singapore. He is regarded by Singaporeans and Malaysians today as a hero for his actions on Bukit Chandu's Battle for Pasir Panjang.



On 14 Feb 1942, one of the fiercest and bloodiest battle of Singapore took place at Bukit Chandu, Pasir Panjang which was part of the British’s final defense parameter against the invading Japanese army.


Bukit Chandu



The Battle of Opium Hill (Bukit Chandu)



The Battle of Opium Hill on 14 February 1942 at Pasir Panjang was one of the fiercest battles that took place in Singapore in World War II. It pitted the invading Japanese Imperial Army against the brave but heavily out-numbered troops of the Malay Regiment. 


The battle is also remembered for the heroism of Lieutenant Adnan Saidi, a platoon commander of the 1st Battalion who, together with his men, fought the Japanese to their grisly deaths. Today, an interpretive centre, Reflections at Bukit Chandu, stands on the hill, commemorating the battle and the contributions of these men.

Opium Hill, or Bukit Chandu in Malay, constituted the British final defence parameter against the invading Japanese army. The Japanese campaign to invade Singapore had begun on 8 February 1942, with one strategic defensive position after another rapidly falling into Japanese hands. 


By 13 February, the Japanese Imperial Army (JIA) had shifted its attention to Pasir Panjang Ridge. The ridge was important because it offered a passage to the Alexandra area where the British Military Hospital and the main British ammunition and ordinance depots were located.



The task of defending the ridge was assigned to the Malay Regiment. It distinguished itself by fighting on despite heavy and continuous shelling by the Japanese army. Despite the regiment’s valiant resistance, the defence lines fell and the 18th Division of the JIA gained control of the western side of the ridge. Only the “C” Company of the 1st Malay Battalion was able to maintain its position at Pasir Panjang Village. 

Having suffered great losses, the Malay Regiment withdrew in the evening to establish a new defence position in the Buona Vista area. “C” Company, which included Adnan and his men in No. 7 Platoon, was sent to Point 226 (or Bukit Chandu) on the eastern end of the ridge. The hill was named after an opium-processing factory located on the hill.

The Japanese continued their offensive on 14 February. In the early afternoon, Japanese troops were spotted advancing uphill on Bukit Chandu, disguised as Punjabi soldiers of the British Indian Army. Adnan’s suspicion was stirred when he noticed that the troops were moving in groups of four instead of the usual three, as was the norm for the British army. 

Realising that these were in fact enemy troops disguised as British Indian soldiers, Adnan ordered his men to open fire. 20 enemy men were mortally wounded, causing the Japanese to retreat. This victory for the Malay Regiment was however short-lived as two hours later, the Japanese launched an all-out attack with more soldiers, artillery, and air and mortar bombardment. 

Fierce fighting ensued on Opium Hill, and when ammunition ran short, Adnan and his men resorted to hand-to-hand combat using their bayonets. Heavily out-numbered, the men of “C” Company were completely overrun and fell to the Japanese. 

According to official and eye-witness accounts, Adnan was hung from a tree and repeatedly bayoneted until he died. By the afternoon of 14 February, the defence line at Pasir Panjang Ridge had been breached. The Japanese captured Alexandra Military Hospital and subsequently massacred its occupants, leaving only a few to escape.

After the war, a book titled The Malay Regiment 1933–1947 was published by the Department of Public Relations of the Malay Peninsula in 1947, to chronicle the heroic deeds of the Malay Regiment. In 1956 and 1957, the British war department and the local government agreed to preserve the site of the battle at the Pasir Panjang Ridge as an open field.


Authors: Nor-Afidah A Rahman & Nureza Ahmad




Base image credit: Cyberpioneer Flickr




#NeverAgain #DefendingtheLionCity #SAF #NationalService #NS50 #WhyMustWeServe #LestWeForget


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Wednesday, February 8, 2017

[Defending the Lion City] The Imperial Japanese Army invades Singapore (WW2)


On this day (8 Feb) in 1942 , Japanese troops crossed into Singapore from Johor, landing on Sarimbun beach. 
Pic: National Museum of Singapore via The Singapore Army FB page)



On 8 Feb 1942, after intensively bombing the northwestern coast of Singapore, the Imperial Japanese Army crossed over the Johore Straits from Malaya and landed in Singapore. The Australian Troops that were tasked to defending the area were quickly overran by the Japanese forces.


Australian positions in Singapore 8-15 February 1942


"... The Japanese had prepared for the invasion of Singapore with a heavy bombardment. They began their amphibious landings on the north-west of the island, where the Strait of Johore is narrowest. This area was held by the Australian 22nd Infantry Brigade but late on the night of 8 February the Japanese made their way through undefended sections. Twenty-four hours later a second Japanese landing force struck between the Causeway and the mouth of the Kranji River, an area held by the Australian 27th Infantry Brigade. By the morning of 10 February there were Japanese troops on most of north-west Singapore. ..." 
Australia's War 1939-1945


"... The 22nd Australian Brigade had to cover the northwestern coastline but were overwhelmed by the Japanese forces within two hours of the attack due to the latter's numerical superiority. The gaps in their defences were to prove fatal during the invasion. 
On the night of 8 February 1942 at around 10:30pm, the Japanese launched their invasion from concealed positions up the Skudai and Melayu Rivers of Johore. Under the cover of darkness and using assault boats and barges, the 5th Division crossed the Straits of Johore. They landed on the coastline between Lim Chu Kang Road and Sarimbun Beach. 
As the Australian artillery and searchlight units failed to react, only the first wave of the invasion was repelled. However the numerical superiority of the Japanese forces were either wiped out on the beaches or retreating to new defence lines. ..."
Roots.SG: Sarimbun Beach Landing


Battle for Singapore



This invasion would mark the beginning of the fall of Singapore to the Imperial Japanese Army, and the subsequent horrific Occupation of Singapore by the Japanese.





#NeverAgain #DefendingtheLionCity #SAF #NationalService #NS50 #WhyMustWeServe #LestWeForget

Read more here:

National Library Board - Battle of Singapore

NewspaperSG: 'WILL FIGHT TO LAST INCH IN MALAYA'—PREMIER'S PLEDGE The Straits Times, 28 January 1942, Page 4

HistorySG - Singapore Falls to the Japanese

Roots.SG - Sarimnum Beach Landing

Wikipedia - Japanese occupation of Singapore